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前言

本章开始分析finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)方法，直译过来就是完成Bean工厂的初始化，这中间就是非lazy单例Bean的实例化流程。ConversionService在第十章已经提前分析了。重点就是最后一句，我们的bean实例化分析就从这里开始。

本章主要是实例化流程的分析，不会太深入到细节

protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {// Initialize conversion service for this context.// ConversionService（转换服务）在spring框架中用于处理类型转换的任务。它提供了一种统一的方式来执行各种类型之间的转换操作，// 包括字符串到其他类型的转换、日期和时间的转换、数字类型的转换等。if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {beanFactory.setConversionService(beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));}// Register a default embedded value resolver if no BeanFactoryPostProcessor// (such as a PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));}// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {getBean(weaverAwareName);}// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();}

预处理单例bean

preInstantiateSingletons() 是 Spring 容器的一个方法，它用于预实例化所有的单例（Singleton）Bean。

@Overridepublic void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);}// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...for (String beanName : beanNames) {// 通过bean的名称去获取bean的定义信息RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);// 不是抽象类&&是单例的&&不是懒加载if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;boolean isEagerInit;if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,getAccessControlContext());}else {isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());}if (isEagerInit) {getBean(beanName);}}}else {getBean(beanName);}}}// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...for (String beanName : beanNames) {Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {StartupStep smartInitialize = this.getApplicationStartup().start("spring.beans.smart-initialize").tag("beanName", beanName);SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();return null;}, getAccessControlContext());}else {smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();}smartInitialize.end();}}}

这个预处理单例bean的实例化其实非常简单，我们简要分析一下整体流程：

• 获取到当前所有的beanDefinitionNames，用于迭代。
• 循环所有的beanDefinitionNames，也就是beanNamess
• 获取beanName的定义信息，用于后续判断
• 如果是抽象类，或者不是单例或者是懒加载bean就不处理。
• 其他情况下会进入getBean逻辑，这个方法我们经常用来从 BeanFactory 中获取一个 Bean，而初始化的过程也封装到了这个方法里。

getBean/doGetBean

Spring源码中很多时候真正做事的是do开头的，个人经验。

@Overridepublic Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);}

transformedBeanName

获取beanName，如果是FactoryBean是会以&开头，也就是说这里返回的就是单纯的beanName

String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);public static String transformedBeanName(String name) {Assert.notNull(name, "'name' must not be null");if (!name.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX)) {return name;}return transformedBeanNameCache.computeIfAbsent(name, beanName -> {do {beanName = beanName.substring(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX.length());}while (beanName.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX));return beanName;});}

getSingleton

这里就是常说的三级缓存。在实例化的时候先要去三级缓存中查看是否存在了，需不需要走后续的实例化流程。

Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);@Nullableprotected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {// Quick check for existing instance without full singleton lockObject singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {// Consistent creation of early reference within full singleton locksingletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);if (singletonFactory != null) {singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);}}}}}}return singletonObject;}

从上述代码中，我们知道有三个Map对象，也就是我们常说的三级缓存，实际上就是以下这三个Map。

/** Cache of singleton objects: bean name to bean instance. */private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);/** Cache of singleton factories: bean name to ObjectFactory. */private final Map<String, ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16);/** Cache of early singleton objects: bean name to bean instance. */private final Map<String, Object> earlySingletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);

• 一级缓存：singletonObjects缓存的是单例对象，key是beanName value是bean的实例。
• 二级缓存：earlySingletonObjects缓存的是早期的单例对象，key是beanName value是bean的实例。
• 三级缓存：singletonFactories缓存的是ObjectFactory，key是beanName value是ObjectFactory。

回到getSingleton方法，首先spring尝试通过beanName从一级缓存中获取，如果一级缓存中不存在，并且当前bean并不是正在创建中的话直接返回null。只有当bean正在创建中的时候才回去从二级缓存中获取，如果二级缓存中获取不到再从三级缓存中去获取。此处我们先大概有这么一个概念，后续会在循环依赖章节详细描述。

如果当前获取到的sharedInstance不为空且不是FacotyBean的话就直接返回回去了。如果为空继续走后续的逻辑。

dependsOn

根据BeanDefinition获取是否有依赖的bean，如果有的话先把其他bean实例化完成。@DependsOn的注解的作用就在这里可以体现。

String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();if (dependsOn != null) {for (String dep : dependsOn) {if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");}registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);try {getBean(dep);}catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);}}}

singletonsCurrentlyInCreation

如果是单例的，就会调用 getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory)方法。

• 第一个参数就是beanName
• 第二个参数是一个FunctionalInterface

if (mbd.isSingleton()) {// 先执行getSingleton方法，然后在代码中会调用createBean方法sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {try {return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);}catch (BeansException ex) {destroySingleton(beanName);throw ex;}});beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);}

执行getSingleton方法，代码如下

public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,"Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +"(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");}if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");}// 对象是否正在创建中 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation，避免循环依赖的一种操作beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);boolean newSingleton = false;boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();}try {// 在这里调用外出的createBean返回的就是springbean，然后后续执行缓存的相关操作singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();newSingleton = true;}catch (IllegalStateException ex) {// Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->// if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {throw ex;}}catch (BeanCreationException ex) {if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);}}throw ex;}finally {if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {this.suppressedExceptions = null;}afterSingletonCreation(beanName);}if (newSingleton) {addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);}}return singletonObject;}}

首先这个放回加了一个synchronized的锁，锁的是一级缓存对象，也就是说对象的实例化是线程安全的，不让其在实例化的时候出现重复创建。获取锁之后会再从缓存中去获取当前beanName是否存在实例，如果没有的话会执行beforeSingletonCreation(beanName)。

protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) {if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) {throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);}}

此处的核心就是singletonsCurrentlyInCreation集合的add方法，就是提前曝光的地方。

private final Set<String> singletonsCurrentlyInCreation =Collections.newSetFromMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16));

直接就是会调用传入的FunctionalInterface，也就是执行createBean方法。

		try {// 在这里调用外出的createBean返回的就是springbean，然后后续执行缓存的相关操作singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();newSingleton = true;}

createBean/doCreateBean

在执行doCreateBean的时候会调用构造方法

if (instanceWrapper == null) {instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);}

然后判断beanDefinition信息是单例的，并且是允许循环依赖的（默认为允许）并且当前的bean是正在创建中就会进入if的逻辑。

addSingletonFactory,从名字开发猜测是否和我们的三级缓存有关联。

boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));if (earlySingletonExposure) {if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");}addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));}

addSingletonFactory方法的参数如下：

• beanName，bean的名称
• ObjectFactory，函数式接口，之前看getSingleton(name)方法的时候也知道，会调用这个getObject方法来获取对象放入二级缓存中。

一级缓存中不存在就将这个ObjectFactory放入三级缓存，同时清理掉二级缓存和加入已注册的有序集合中。

protected void addSingletonFactory(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {Assert.notNull(singletonFactory, "Singleton factory must not be null");synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {if (!this.singletonObjects.containsKey(beanName)) {this.singletonFactories.put(beanName, singletonFactory);this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);}}}

populateBean

填充bean，也就是属性注入。这里会去解析bean的依赖，从而继续去走getBean的逻辑来让当前bean实例化完整。

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {if (bw == null) {if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");}else {// property mean 属性// Skip property population phase for null instance.return;}}// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,// to support styles of field injection.// 在属性填充之前给任意InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors一个机会去修改bean的状态// 后置处理器可以被使用在例如:支持字段注入的样式.if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {for (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) {if (!bp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {return;}}}PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);}// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);}pvs = newPvs;}boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;if (hasInstAwareBpps) {if (pvs == null) {pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();}// 实例化感知的BeanPostProcessorfor (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) {// 默认的情况下resolvedAutowireMode是为0的，所以默认是AutoWiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor进行自动装配PropertyValues pvsToUse = bp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);if (pvsToUse == null) {if (filteredPds == null) {filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);}// 在这里面回去校验属性的版本信息（BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException）/***Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException:* Error creating bean with name 'b': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'a';* nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException:* Bean named 'a' is expected to be of type 'com.qhyu.cloud.circlarRefrence.A' but was actually of type 'com.sun.proxy.$Proxy34'*/pvsToUse = bp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);if (pvsToUse == null) {return;}}pvs = pvsToUse;}}if (needsDepCheck) {if (filteredPds == null) {filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);}checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);}if (pvs != null) {// 属性填充的最后回对spel进行解析applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);}}

initializeBean

如果 bean 实现了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口，回调invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean)

处理 bean 中定义的 init-method，或者如果 bean 实现了 InitializingBean 接口，调用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法

protected Object initializeBean(String beanName, Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);return null;}, getAccessControlContext());}else {invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);}Object wrappedBean = bean;if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {// 先执行beanpostProcessor的before// 通过BeanPostProcessor在bean初始化之前做点事情wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);}try {// 再执行initmethods// 调用bean的初始化方法进行初始化invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);}catch (Throwable ex) {throw new BeanCreationException((mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);}if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {// 再执行BeanPostProcessor的After方法// 通过BeanPostProcessor在bean初始化之后做点事情// aop的切入点wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);}return wrappedBean;}

getSingleton

如果创建没有任何问题，newSingleton = true，继续执行 addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject)方法

public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,"Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +"(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");}if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");}// 对象是否正在创建中 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation，避免循环依赖的一种操作beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);boolean newSingleton = false;boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();}try {// 在这里调用外出的createBean返回的就是springbean，然后后续执行缓存的相关操作singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();newSingleton = true;}catch (IllegalStateException ex) {// Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->// if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);if (singletonObject == null) {throw ex;}}catch (BeanCreationException ex) {if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);}}throw ex;}finally {if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {this.suppressedExceptions = null;}afterSingletonCreation(beanName);}if (newSingleton) {addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);}}return singletonObject;}
}

将创建好的bean放入一级缓存，移除一二级缓存。

protected void addSingleton(String beanName, Object singletonObject) {// 线程安全的synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {// 放入一级缓存this.singletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);// 移除三级缓存this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);// 移除二级缓存this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);// 已注册的map中把新初始化的bean放入this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);}}

总结

整个bean的初始化流程就如下图所示，下面的这个图是一个最简单的单例bean的实例化流程，不涉及到循环依赖问题，循环依赖和三级缓存将在下一章详细分析。本章主要了解bean实例化的整体流程，了解和熟悉spring工作模式。