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# 反正切函数
awk 'BEGIN {PI = 3.14159265x = -10y = 10result = atan2 (y,x) * 180 / PI;printf "对于 (x=%f, y=%f)，反正切值为 %f 度\n", x, y, result
}'# 余弦函数
awk 'BEGIN {PI = 3.14159265param = 60result = cos(param * PI / 180.0);printf "%f 度的余弦值为 %f\n", param, result
}'# 自然指数函数
awk 'BEGIN {param = 5result = exp(param);printf "%f 的自然指数值为 %f\n", param, result
}'# 取整函数
awk 'BEGIN {param = 5.12345result = int(param)print "Truncated value =", result
}'# 自然对数函数
awk 'BEGIN {param = 5.5result = log (param)printf "log(%f) = %f\n", param, result
}'# 随机数函数
awk 'BEGIN {print "Random num1 =" , rand()print "Random num2 =" , rand()print "Random num3 =" , rand()
}'#正弦函数
awk 'BEGIN {PI = 3.14159265param = 30.0result = sin(param * PI /180)printf "The sine of %f degrees is %f.\n", param, result
}'# 平方根函数
awk 'BEGIN {param = 1024.0result = sqrt(param)printf "sqrt(%f) = %f\n", param, result
}'# 设置随机数种子
awk 'BEGIN {param = 10printf "srand() = %d\n", srand()printf "srand(%d) = %d\n", param, srand(param)
}'

# 按字母顺序排列数组元素
$ awk 'BEGIN {arr[0] = "Three"arr[1] = "One"arr[2] = "Two"print "排序前数组元素："for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}asort(arr)print "排序后数组元素："for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}
}'# 按索引顺序排列数组元素
awk 'BEGIN {arr["Two"] = 1arr["One"] = 2arr["Three"] = 3asorti(arr)print "排序后数组索引："for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}
}'# 替换字符串
awk 'BEGIN {str = "Hello, World"print "替换前字符串 = " strgsub("World", "Jerry", str)print "替换后字符串 = " str
}'# 查找子串的位置
awk 'BEGIN {str = "One Two Three"subs = "Two"ret = index(str, subs)printf "子串 \"%s\" 在第 %d 个位置找到.\n", subs, ret
}'# 获取字符串长度
awk 'BEGIN {str = "Hello, World !!!"print "长度 = ", length(str)
}'# 使用正则表达式匹配子串
awk 'BEGIN {str = "One Two Three"subs = "Two"ret = match(str, subs)printf "子串 \"%s\" 在第 %d 个位置找到.\n", subs, ret
}'# 将字符串分割为数组
awk 'BEGIN {str = "One,Two,Three,Four"split(str, arr, ",")print "数组包含以下元素："for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}
}'# 使用 sprintf() 格式化字符串
awk 'BEGIN {str = sprintf("%s", "Hello, World !!!")print str
}'# 将字符串转换为数字
awk 'BEGIN {print "Decimal num = " strtonum("123")print "Octal num = " strtonum("0123")print "Hexadecimal num = " strtonum("0x123")
}'# 使用 sub() 替换字符串
awk 'BEGIN {str = "Hello, World"print "替换前字符串 = " strsub("World", "Jerry", str)print "替换后字符串 = " str
}'# 获取子字符串
awk 'BEGIN {str = "Hello, World !!!"subs = substr(str, 1, 5)print "Substring = " subs
}'# 小写转换
awk 'BEGIN {str = "HELLO, WORLD !!!"print "Lowercase string = " tolower(str)
}'# 大写转换
awk 'BEGIN {str = "hello, world !!!"print "Uppercase string = " toupper(str)
}'

# 获取当前时间戳
awk 'BEGIN {print "Number of seconds since the Epoch = " systime()
}'
# 将字符串转换为时间戳
awk 'BEGIN {print "Number of seconds since the Epoch = " mktime("2014 12 14 30 20 10")
}'# 格式化时间戳
awk 'BEGIN {print strftime("Time = %m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S", systime())
}'# 打印当前星期几
awk 'BEGIN {print strftime("%A")
}'

# 位与操作
awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10num2 = 6printf "(%d AND %d) = %d\n", num1, num2, and(num1, num2)
}'# 按位求补
awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10printf "compl(%d) = %d\n", num1, compl(num1)
}'# 左移位操作
awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10printf "lshift(%d) by 1 = %d\n", num1, lshift(num1, 1)
}'# 向右移位操作。
awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10printf "rshift(%d) by 1 = %d\n", num1, rshift(num1, 1)
}'# 按位或操作。
awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10num2 = 6printf "(%d OR %d) = %d\n", num1, num2, or(num1, num2)
}'# 按位异或操作
[jerry]$ awk 'BEGIN {num1 = 10num2 = 6printf "(%d XOR %d) = %d\n", num1, num2, xor(num1, num2)
}'

# 关闭管道
awk 'BEGIN {cmd = "tr [a-z] [A-Z]"print "hello, world !!!" |& cmdclose(cmd, "to")cmd |& getline outprint out;close(cmd);
}'# 从数组中删除元素
awk 'BEGIN {arr[0] = "One"arr[1] = "Two"arr[2] = "Three"arr[3] = "Four"print "删除前:"for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}delete arr[0]delete arr[1]print "删除后:"for (i in arr) {print arr[i]}
}'# 终止脚本执行
awk 'BEGIN {print "Hello, World !!!"exit 10print "AWK never executes this statement."
}'# 刷新打开文件或管道的缓冲区
fflush([output-expr])# 读入下一行
awk '{getline; print $0}' file.txt # 执行特定的命令然后返回其退出状态。返回值为 0 表示命令执行成功；非 0 表示命令执行失败。
awk 'BEGIN { ret = system("date"); print "Return value = " ret }'