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珠海高端网站设计,网络销售怎么做才能做好,wordpress提升速度,国内seo服务商目录文件上传漏洞介绍定义产生原因常见危害漏洞利用方式 upload-labs详解 pass-01 pass-02 pass-03 pass-04 pass-05 pass-06 pass-07 pass-08 pass-09 pass-10 文件上传漏洞介绍定义文件上传漏洞是指网络应用程序在处理用户上传文件时，没有…

文件上传漏洞介绍

定义

产生原因

常见危害

漏洞利用方式

upload-labs详解

pass-01

pass-02

pass-03

pass-04

pass-05

pass-06

pass-07

pass-08

pass-09

pass-10

文件上传漏洞介绍

定义

文件上传漏洞是指网络应用程序在处理用户上传文件时，没有对上传的文件进行充分的验证和过滤，导致攻击者可以利用这个漏洞上传恶意文件到服务器，从而获取服务器的控制权或执行其他恶意操作。

产生原因

缺乏文件类型验证：应用程序没有对上传文件的类型进行严格检查，仅通过客户端的 JavaScript 进行验证，而这种验证很容易被绕过，攻击者可将恶意文件的后缀名修改为允许上传的文件类型，如将.php文件改为.jpg。
文件路径处理不当：应用程序在保存上传文件时，没有对文件路径进行正确的处理，导致攻击者可以通过构造特殊的文件名或路径，将文件上传到服务器的敏感目录，如 Web 根目录。
文件大小限制不足：没有对上传文件的大小进行合理限制，攻击者可能上传超大文件，耗尽服务器的磁盘空间或导致服务器拒绝服务。
执行权限配置错误：服务器对上传文件的存储目录或文件本身的权限设置不当，使得攻击者上传的文件具有可执行权限，从而能够在服务器上运行。

常见危害

网站篡改：攻击者上传恶意脚本文件，如 PHP、ASP 等脚本，一旦这些脚本被执行，攻击者就可以修改网站的内容，替换网页页面，发布违法信息等，严重影响网站的正常运行和形象。
数据泄露：攻击者上传恶意文件后，可能获取服务器上的敏感信息，如用户数据、数据库配置文件等，导致用户信息泄露，给用户和网站运营者带来严重损失。
服务器控制：通过上传可执行的恶意文件，攻击者可以进一步获取服务器的控制权，在服务器上执行任意命令，如创建新的用户账号、安装后门程序、控制服务器发起 DDoS 攻击等，使服务器完全处于攻击者的掌控之下。

漏洞利用方式

直接上传恶意脚本：攻击者找到网站的文件上传点，直接上传包含恶意代码的脚本文件，如 PHP webshell，然后通过访问该文件来执行恶意代码，获取服务器权限。
配合其他漏洞利用：文件上传漏洞往往与其他漏洞结合使用，如与 SQL 注入漏洞结合，攻击者通过 SQL 注入获取上传文件的路径和文件名，然后访问上传的恶意文件，实现进一步的攻击。

upload-labs详解

pass-01

方法一

我们可以查看一下源代码，发现这里只允许上传 .jpg|.png|.gif类型的文件。(并且前端只能上传文件的类型为.jpg|.png|.gif，所以我们利用抓包工具来修改文件类型为php)

function checkFile() {var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;if (file == null || file == "") {alert("请选择要上传的文件!");return false;}//定义允许上传的文件类型var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";//提取上传文件的类型var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));//判断上传文件类型是否允许上传if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name) == -1) {var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传，请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为：" + ext_name;alert(errMsg);return false;}

于是，创建一个文php文件

将该文件的后缀名修改为jpg

然后利用burpsuite抓包来修改文件的类型，

将web.png修改为web.php

改为

结果：

查看文件上传结果

成功。

方法二

我们开始尝试上传php文件，触发前端界面弹窗警告

接着尝试利用bp来进行抓包，发现无法抓包，应该是只在前端做了验证，于是我们禁用javascript,再次尝试。

上传文件

上传成功

访问文件

漏洞点：只对前端进行了文件的过滤，后端没有过滤操作。

pass-02

首先，我们先简单上传一个php文件，做一个测试，

上传未成功，我们查看源代码

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];          if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {$is_upload = true;} else {$msg = '上传出错！';}} else {$msg = '文件类型不正确，请重新上传！';}} else {$msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';}
}

发现文件上传之后会对文件的类型进行检测，发现其存在Content-Type绕过

那么我们可以利用bp来抓包修改文件的类型

改为

结果上传成功

当然也可以利用第一关的方法，在上传之前将php文件修改为jpg文件，利用bp抓包，将jpg文件再修改为php文件，也是可以的。

本关考察的点是，检查文件的MIME类型是否为以下三种，image/jpeg，image/gif，image/png。

pass-03

首先，简单上传php文件，发现文件的类型不允许上传，故查看源代码，发现限制了文件的后缀名，但是没有限制php1,php2之类的后缀名

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {$is_upload = true;} else {$msg = '上传出错！';}} else {$msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件！';}} else {$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';}

于是，我们将文件的类型改为

上传成功

访问文件

漏洞点：简单的黑名单绕过。

pass-04

该关类型同第三关，但是增加了后缀名的限制，但是没有限制.htaccess类型的文件

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2","php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2","pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

编写.htaccess文件内容为

AddType application/x-httpd-php .jpg

AddType 是 Apache 的配置指令，其作用是为指定的文件扩展名关联特定的 MIME 类型。
application/x-httpd-php 是 Apache 服务器用来识别 PHP 脚本的 MIME 类型。当服务器遇到具有该 MIME 类型的文件时，会将其作为 PHP 脚本进行解析和执行。
.jpg 是常见的图像文件扩展名。这行代码意味着将原本应该作为图像文件处理的 .jpg 文件，关联到了 PHP 脚本的 MIME 类型上。

然后上传web.jpg文件内容为<?php phpinfo(); ?>

访问图片

漏洞点：

没有过滤.htaccess，利用该特点将当前目录下有以.jpg结尾的文件，就会被解析为.php

pass-05

本关漏洞点：忽略大小写

直接上传文件web.phP,即可

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

访问文件：

pass-06

本关漏洞点：忽略文件后缀名的空格

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");$file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA

由于windows中文件的后缀名中空格被自动过滤，故利用bp,

通过抓包修改文件名，再文件的后缀名加入空格即可

查看文件是否上传

访问文件

成功

pass-07

本关漏洞点:小数点绕过

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

利用bp抓包修改文件名，加入小数点

访问文件

pass-08

本关漏洞点：::$DATA绕过

::$DATA（只适用于Windows系统）在Windows的时候如果文件名"+::$DATA"会把::$DATA之后的数据当成文件流处理,不会检测后缀名，且保持::$DATA之前的文件名绕过，比如上传的文件名为info.php::$DATA会在服务器上重新生成一个test.php的文件，其中内容和所上传文件内容相同，并被解析。

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

利用bp抓包修改上传的文件为web.php::$DATA

访问文件：

pass-09

本关漏洞点：windows操作环境特点

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

利用bp抓包修改文件名为web.php. .即(web.php+点+空格+点)

访问文件：

pass-10

本关漏洞点：双写绕过

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {$deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);$file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;        if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {$is_upload = true;} else {$msg = '上传出错！';}} else {$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';}
}

先使用trim函数去除其两边的空白字符以及转义字符，再使用str_ireplace，将$file_name的字符串与$deny_ext中的黑名单对比，如果有相同的，则从$file_name中删除对应部分，通常这种情况的过滤，可以使用双写对应的字符，使其删除一次后恢复为正确的文件后缀进行绕过。例如pphphp经过绕过之后修改为php，

利用bp修改文件名为web.phpphp