电子商务网站建设实验指导榜单优化

案例需求：

1.使用selenium自动化爬虫爬取哔哩哔哩排行榜中舞蹈类的数据（包括视频标题、up主、播放量和评论量）

2.利用bs4进行数据解析和提取

3.将爬取的数据保存在本地json文件中

4.保存在excel文件中

分析：

1.请求url地址：https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/dance

2.加载等待事件，否则获取数据不充分

wait = WebDriverWait(self.browsers, 280)
wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'rank-item')))
time.sleep(5)

3.获取相应内容

last_height = self.browsers.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")
while True:self.browsers.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);')time.sleep(5)data = self.browsers.page_source  # 获取网页源码self.parse_data(data=data)new_height = self.browsers.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")if new_height == last_height:breaklast_height = new_height

4.使用bs4解析数据

soup = BeautifulSoup(data, 'lxml')
titles = soup.select('.info .title')  # 标题
up_names = soup.select('.info .up-name')  # up主
# :nth-of-type(2) 用于选择指定类型的第二个元素
play_counts = soup.select('.info .detail-state .data-box:nth-of-type(1)')  # 播放量
comment_counts = soup.select('.info .detail-state .data-box:nth-of-type(2)') # 评论量
rank_data = {}
print(len(titles))
for title, name, play_count, comment_count in zip(titles, up_names, play_counts, comment_counts):t = title.get_text().strip()n = name.get_text().strip()p = play_count.get_text().strip()c = comment_count.get_text().strip()print('标题：', t)print('up主：', n)print('播放量：', p)print('评论量：', c)print('==========================')

5.保存在本地json文件中

with open('rank_data.json', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write(json.dumps(rank_data, ensure_ascii=False) + '\n')

6.保存在excel文件中

wb =workbook.Workbook()#创建一个EXcel对象 就相当于是要生成一个excel 程序
ws = wb.active #激活当前表
ws.append(['标题','up主','播放量','评论量'])

#保存数据
def save_data(self,title,name,paly,comment):ws.append([title,name,paly,comment])# 保存为Excel数据wb.save('哔哩哔哩排行榜数据.xlsx')

案例代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from openpyxl import workbook #第三方模块 需要安装
import time
import jsonwb =workbook.Workbook()#创建一个EXcel对象 就相当于是要生成一个excel 程序
ws = wb.active #激活当前表
ws.append(['标题','up主','播放量','评论量'])class Spider:def __init__(self):self.url = 'https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/dance'self.options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()self.options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])self.browsers = webdriver.Chrome(options=self.options)# 访问哔哩哔哩排行榜def get_bili(self):self.browsers.get(self.url)wait = WebDriverWait(self.browsers, 280)wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'rank-item')))time.sleep(5)# 获取响应内容def get_data(self):last_height = self.browsers.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")while True:self.browsers.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);')time.sleep(5)data = self.browsers.page_source  # 获取网页源码self.parse_data(data=data)new_height = self.browsers.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")if new_height == last_height:breaklast_height = new_height# 解析信息def parse_data(self, data):soup = BeautifulSoup(data, 'lxml')titles = soup.select('.info .title')  # 标题up_names = soup.select('.info .up-name')  # up主# :nth-of-type(2) 用于选择指定类型的第二个元素play_counts = soup.select('.info .detail-state .data-box:nth-of-type(1)')  # 播放量comment_counts = soup.select('.info .detail-state .data-box:nth-of-type(2)') # 评论量rank_data = {}print(len(titles))for title, name, play_count, comment_count in zip(titles, up_names, play_counts, comment_counts):t = title.get_text().strip()n = name.get_text().strip()p = play_count.get_text().strip()c = comment_count.get_text().strip()print('标题：', t)print('up主：', n)print('播放量：', p)print('评论量：', c)print('==========================')self.save_data(t,n,p,c)rank_data['标题'] = trank_data['up主'] = nrank_data['播放量'] = prank_data['评论量'] = cwith open('rank_data.json', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write(json.dumps(rank_data, ensure_ascii=False) + '\n')#保存数据def save_data(self,title,name,paly,comment):ws.append([title,name,paly,comment])# 保存为Excel数据wb.save('哔哩哔哩排行榜数据.xlsx')if __name__ == '__main__':s = Spider()s.get_bili()s.get_data()

运行结果：