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mariadb 10.11设置表名大小写不敏感

在 debian 12环境中，mariadb 10.11已经没有 /etc/my.cnf配置文件了 ：

通过find / -name my.cnf 可以查询到  ：

配置文件变成了：/etc/mysql/my.cnf

查看配置文件：/etc/mysql/my.cnf

可以发现内容如下：

# The MariaDB configuration file
#
# The MariaDB/MySQL tools read configuration files in the following order:
# 0. "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" symlinks to this file, reason why all the rest is read.
# 1. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf" (this file) to set global defaults,
# 2. "/etc/mysql/conf.d/*.cnf" to set global options.
# 3. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/*.cnf" to set MariaDB-only options.
# 4. "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# If the same option is defined multiple times, the last one will apply.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# If you are new to MariaDB, check out https://mariadb.com/kb/en/basic-mariadb-articles/

#
# This group is read both by the client and the server
# use it for options that affect everything
#
[client-server]
# Port or socket location where to connect
port = 3306
socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]
lower_case_table_names=1

# Import all .cnf files from configuration directory
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/
 

关键信息：# The MariaDB/MySQL tools read configuration files in the following order:
# 0. "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" symlinks to this file, reason why all the rest is read.
# 1. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf" (this file) to set global defaults,
# 2. "/etc/mysql/conf.d/*.cnf" to set global options.
# 3. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/*.cnf" to set MariaDB-only options.
# 4. "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. 

可以看到 读取的配置文件顺序为：

1、 /etc/mysql/my.cnf、

2、/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf、

3、/etc/mysql/conf.d/*.cnf  

4、/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/ 以及 ~/.my.cnf

结合说明，可以发现 以往的

 [mysqld]
lower_case_table_names=1 在 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 是没有生效的。 

查看其他配置文件： cat /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf

可以看到 在 /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf 中设置 [mysqld]
lower_case_table_names=1 也是无效的。 

查看其他配置文件：

在/etc/mysql/conf.d文件夹下有：mysql.cnf 以及 mysqldump.cnf
 

cat mysql.cnf 

可见：mysql段的设定单独提取到了：/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf 里：

尝试 在/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf 里加上 lower_case_table_names=1  ：

然后重启 mariadb 服务再验证：

直接报错：mysql: unknown variable 'lower_case_table_names=1'  可见这种方式也不行。需要把配置文件 /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf 还原回来。 

 /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/ 目录下的文件

先看一下 /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/ 目录下的文件：

实在不知道 文件用处，直接cat  查看，比如，当前我使用的这个mariadb 10.11的版本 

50-client.cnf文件内容：

#
# This group is read by the client library
# Use it for options that affect all clients, but not the server
#

[client]
# Example of client certificate usage
#ssl-cert = /etc/mysql/client-cert.pem
#ssl-key  = /etc/mysql/client-key.pem
#
# Allow only TLS encrypted connections
#ssl-verify-server-cert = on

# This group is *never* read by mysql client library, though this
# /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf.d/client.cnf file is not read by Oracle MySQL
# client anyway.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# use it for MariaDB-only client options
[client-mariadb]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
 

 50-server.cnf 文件内容如下：
 

 
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]

#
# * Basic Settings
#

#user                    = mysql
pid-file                = /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
basedir                 = /usr
#datadir                 = /var/lib/mysql
#tmpdir                  = /tmp

# Broken reverse DNS slows down connections considerably and name resolve is
# safe to skip if there are no "host by domain name" access grants
#skip-name-resolve

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

#
# * Fine Tuning
#

#key_buffer_size        = 128M
#max_allowed_packet     = 1G
#thread_stack           = 192K
#thread_cache_size      = 8
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
#myisam_recover_options = BACKUP
#max_connections        = 100
#table_cache            = 64

#
# * Logging and Replication
#

# Note: The configured log file or its directory need to be created
# and be writable by the mysql user, e.g.:
# $ sudo mkdir -m 2750 /var/log/mysql
# $ sudo chown mysql /var/log/mysql

# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# Recommend only changing this at runtime for short testing periods if needed!
#general_log_file       = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log            = 1

# When running under systemd, error logging goes via stdout/stderr to journald
# and when running legacy init error logging goes to syslog due to
# /etc/mysql/conf.d/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf
# Enable this if you want to have error logging into a separate file
#log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration
#log_slow_query_file    = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
#log_slow_query_time    = 10
#log_slow_verbosity     = query_plan,explain
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#log_slow_min_examined_row_limit = 1000

# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
#server-id              = 1
#log_bin                = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days        = 10
#max_binlog_size        = 100M

#
# * SSL/TLS
#

# For documentation, please read
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/securing-connections-for-client-and-server/
#ssl-ca = /etc/mysql/cacert.pem
#ssl-cert = /etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
#ssl-key = /etc/mysql/server-key.pem
#require-secure-transport = on

#
# * Character sets
#

# MySQL/MariaDB default is Latin1, but in Debian we rather default to the full
# utf8 4-byte character set. See also client.cnf
character-set-server  = utf8mb4
collation-server      = utf8mb4_general_ci

#
# * InnoDB
#

# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
# Most important is to give InnoDB 80 % of the system RAM for buffer use:
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/innodb-system-variables/#innodb_buffer_pool_size
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G

# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]

# This group is only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]

# This group is only read by MariaDB-10.11 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mariadb-10.11]
 

发现在 50-server.cnf文件中 有 [mysqld] 段的配置，尝试把 表名 大小写 敏感设定写在这里：

即：/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf

然后重启： systemctl restart mariadb

再登录，查看表名大小写敏感设置： show global variables like '%case%';

总结：在mariadb 10.11以及以后的版本中，要配置表名大小写敏感问题，一般修改修改配置文件：/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf 在  [mysqld] 段 添加属性：lower_case_table_names=1 然后重启服务